Publication
UK Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism: how will it work?
In February, we reported on the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero’s confirmation that a UK Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) would be bought into force by 2027
Global | Publication | January 28, 2016
On January 21, 2016, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) announced revised notification thresholds pursuant to the Hart-Scott Rodino Act (HSR). Section 7A of the Clayton Act, 15 U.S.C. § 18a, requires parties to file pre-merger notification with the FTC and the U.S. Department of Justice, Antitrust Division (DOJ) prior to closing a merger or acquisition that meets the HSR’s size-of-transaction and size-of-person thresholds.
The FTC is required to revise the HSR thresholds annually based on changes in the gross national product. The following adjusted thresholds for 2016 will go into effect for transactions that close on or after February 25, 2016, 30 days after the date of their publication in the Federal Register:
Transactions now valued greater than $78.2 million will trigger the HSR reporting requirements. The adjusted threshold establishes an absolute floor of $78.2 million, meaning that there is no HSR reporting requirement for any transaction valued at $78.2 million or less, regardless of the percentage of assets or voting securities to be acquired.
Under the size-of-person test, when the value of a proposed transaction exceeds $78.2 million, but is less than $312.6 million, the transaction must be reported if (1) one person to the transaction has total assets or net sales of $156.3 million or more and (2) the other has total assets or net sales of $15.6 million or more.
All transactions valued in excess of $312.6 million will be reportable without regard to the size-of-person test.
Parties contemplating merger or acquisition activity are strongly encouraged to consult antitrust counsel prior to closing to determine whether premerger notification is required. The rules governing the calculation of the relevant thresholds and the applicability of particular exemptions to all or part of the transaction are complex. More importantly, under certain circumstances, parties can face penalties of up to $16,000 per day for failure to comply with these filing obligations.
Note that, even if an acquisition or merger does not meet the dollar threshold, and thus is not reportable under HSR, there may be competitive issues that should be addressed before consummation of the transaction. The FTC and the Department of Justice have the authority under Section 7 of the Clayton Act and Section 5 of the FTC Act to challenge transactions likely to substantially lessen competition.
Publication
In February, we reported on the Department of Energy Security and Net Zero’s confirmation that a UK Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) would be bought into force by 2027
Publication
International financial markets have started to show significant interest in nature and biodiversity. Whilst climate change and greenhouse gas emissions have made the headlines in recent years, there has been much less focus on their equally important counterparts, nature and biodiversity. However, that has started to change.
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